Provincial Nominee Programs (PNP): Base Streams vs. Express Entry Streams

For many skilled workers pursuing permanent residence in Canada, the Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) offers a valuable pathway. However, not all PNP streams are the same. Understanding the difference between Base (Non–Express Entry) and Express Entry–linked streams is key to choosing the best route toward your Canadian immigration goals.

Intention to Live in the Province

In both PNP Base and Express Entry streams, applicants must demonstrate a genuine intention to live and work in the province or territory that nominates them. This requirement is fundamental, as PNPs are designed to address regional labour market and economic needs. Candidates are expected to contribute to the province’s growth and settlement priorities after landing.

PNP Base Streams

Base PNP streams operate outside the federal Express Entry system and follow a two-step process:

1. Apply to the province for nomination.

1. Submit a separate permanent residence application to Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) after receiving the nomination certificate.

These streams are ideal for applicants who do not meet Express Entry eligibility requirements but have the qualifications, experience, or connections that a province values.

Key Features:

• Processing Time: Generally, longer, often more than 24 months from start to finish.

• Applicant Profile: May include semi-skilled workers, international graduates, or individuals with strong ties to the province.

PNP Express Entry Streams

PNP Express Entry streams are linked directly to the federal Express Entry system. Candidates create an Express Entry profile and may either:

• Receive a Notification of Interest (NOI) from a province, or

• Apply directly to a province’s Express Entry–linked stream if eligible.

A successful nomination adds 600 Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) points to the candidate’s Express Entry profile, virtually guaranteeing an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for permanent residence in the next draw.

Key Features:

• Processing Time: Much faster, typically 6 to 9 months after receiving the nomination.

• CRS Boost: 600 points added to the CRS score, ensuring competitiveness in Express Entry draws.

• Applicant Profile: Skilled workers who meet the eligibility criteria for Federal Skilled Worker (FSW), Canadian Experience Class (CEC), or Federal Skilled Trades (FST) programs.

Which Pathway Is Better?

For most candidates eligible for both, the PNP Express Entry stream is the stronger choice because of its faster processing and CRS advantage.

However, PNP Base streams remain an excellent option for applicants who:

• Are not eligible for Express Entry (e.g., lower language scores or TEER 4–5 occupations) or

• Have specific provincial ties (job offers, work experience, or family connections).